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This study examined the political and economic factors driving the demolition of business premises in Enugu State, Nigeria, highlighting the tensions between state-led development initiatives and the interests of local business communities. Guided by Urban Political Economy Theory, this research aims to determine if urban renewal, modernization and gentrification accounted for the demolition of business premises in Enugu State, using a case study design and mixed methods approach combining documentary and focus group discussions. Content analysis and participatory observation were employed to identify patterns and themes in the data. Findings revealed that the urban renewal, modernization and gentrification accounted for the demolition of business premises, in line with the thrust of Governance Business Unusual Policy, which is driven by a desire to assert state control over urban spaces, promote neoliberal development agenda, and facilitate gentrification, resulting into significant economic losses, hardship, social dislocation, and human rights violations. It recommended the need for inclusive urban planning, community engagement, and participatory governance to ensure that development initiatives prioritize the needs and interests of local businesses and communities. The study contributes to our understanding of the complex relationships between political power, economic development, and urban space in Nigeria, in particular, Enugu state by highlighting the negative consequences of state-led demolitions which underscores the importance of prioritizing human rights, social justice, and sustainable development in urban governance

Emilokan democracy, a term derived from the Yoruba ethnic trappings in Nigeria, refers to my/our turn, whether of the individuals, political clicks class, ethnic groups, geopolitical zones, regions or any other groups. It is a pervasive political culture of patronage, clientelism, and corruption that undermines democratic institutions and processes. This phenomenon is characterized by the exchange of material benefits for political support, vote-buying, electoral violence, and manipulation of election results. Emilokan democracy has been perpetuated by Nigerias political elites, who use state resources to capture and maintain power, in addition to other privileges.